Matter

Everything that has mass and takes up space is matter, matter is everything and everything is matter. There are five main states of matter: Solids, liquids, gases, plasmas, and Bose-Einstein condensates. Matter in each of these forms has different amounts of matter and the matter is in differently sized clusters for example solid has matter that is fitted together very tightly whereas because gas is very thin and you can see through it most of the time it has very random bits of matter not tightly packed but pretty far away from each other and then there is water which is basically in the middle of the two.

You can also have mixtures of matter like the water in the ocean is a mixture of salt and water molecules, of course you can’t see the salt in the water because it has dissolved into the water like food coloring it is almost inseparable but unlike a salad (which is also a mixture) which you could just pull apart if you wanted to. Solutions are also mixtures. For example if you put dirt into a glass of water, it is considered to be a mixture even though you can still see the little bits of dirt. And don’t forget alloys which are basically a mixture of two or more metals like iron or brass. Colloids have a mixture of oils and waters. Like salad dressing.

Plasmas are a lot like gases, but the atoms are different because they are made up of free electrons and ions of the element. You don't find plasmas very often when you walk around. They aren't things that happen regularly on Earth. If you have ever seen of the Northern Lights or ball lightning (which is like normal lightning but very rare and in a ball), you might know that those are types of plasmas.